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  <section id="ceph-bluestore-tool-bluestore">
<h1>ceph-bluestore-tool -- bluestore 管理工具<a class="headerlink" href="#ceph-bluestore-tool-bluestore" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h1>
<section id="id1">
<h2>提纲<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="line-block">
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> <em>command</em>
[ --dev <em>device</em> … ]
[ -i <em>osd_id</em> ]
[ --path <em>osd path</em> ]
[ --out-dir <em>dir</em> ]
[ --log-file | -l <em>filename</em> ]
[ --deep ]</div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> fsck|repair --path <em>osd path</em> [ --deep ]</div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> qfsck       --path <em>osd path</em></div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> allocmap    --path <em>osd path</em></div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> restore_cfb --path <em>osd path</em></div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> show-label --dev <em>device</em> …</div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> prime-osd-dir --dev <em>device</em> --path <em>osd path</em></div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> bluefs-export --path <em>osd path</em> --out-dir <em>dir</em></div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> bluefs-bdev-new-wal --path <em>osd path</em> --dev-target <em>new-device</em></div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> bluefs-bdev-new-db --path <em>osd path</em> --dev-target <em>new-device</em></div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> bluefs-bdev-migrate --path <em>osd path</em> --dev-target <em>new-device</em> --devs-source <em>device1</em> [--devs-source <em>device2</em>]</div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> free-dump|free-score --path <em>osd path</em> [ --allocator block/bluefs-wal/bluefs-db/bluefs-slow ]</div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> reshard --path <em>osd path</em> --sharding <em>new sharding</em> [ --sharding-ctrl <em>control string</em> ]</div>
<div class="line"><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> show-sharding --path <em>osd path</em></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="id2">
<h2>描述<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> 工具可在 BlueStore 例程上执行底层管理操作。</p>
</section>
<section id="id3">
<h2>命令<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p><strong class="command">help</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>显示帮助</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">fsck</strong> [ --deep ]</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>对 BlueStore 元数据进行一致性检查。如果加了 <em>--deep</em> ，还会读取所有对象数据并核对校验和。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">repair</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>运行一致性检查，<em>并且</em>修复所有可修复的错误。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">qfsck</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>对 BlueStore 元数据进行一致性检查，比对分配器数据
（有 RocksDB CFB 就用它、没有用分配信息文件）与 ONode 状态。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">allocmap</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>进行与 qfsck 相同的检查，然后保存一个新的分配信息文件
（此命令默认被禁用了，需要特意编译）。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">restore_cfb</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>回退新 NCB 代码做出的更改（通过重启 Ceph 或运行 allocmap 命令）、
并恢复 RocksDB B Column-Family (allocator-map) 。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">bluefs-export</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>把 BlueFS 内容（即 RocksDB 文件）导出到一个输出目录。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">bluefs-bdev-sizes</strong> --path <em>osd path</em></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>打印出设备尺寸，即 BlueFS 所认为的尺寸。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">bluefs-bdev-expand</strong> --path <em>osd path</em></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>让 BlueFS 检查它的块设备尺寸，并且，如果发现它们扩大了，
把那些额外空间也用起来。请注意，在空闲空间足够的前提下，
只有 BlueFS 新建的文件才会被分配到首选块设备；
而已经存在的、溢出到慢速设备上的文件会在 RocksDB 压缩时逐渐删除。
换句话说，如果有数据溢出到了慢速设备上，
它会随着时间的推移被挪到高速设备上。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">bluefs-bdev-new-wal</strong> --path <em>osd path</em> --dev-target <em>new-device</em></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>给 BlueFS 增加 WAL 设备，如果已有 WAL 设备此命令就会失败。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">bluefs-bdev-new-db</strong> --path <em>osd path</em> --dev-target <em>new-device</em></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>给 BlueFS 增加 DB 设备，如果已有 DB 设备此命令就会失败。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">bluefs-bdev-migrate</strong> --dev-target <em>new-device</em> --devs-source <em>device1</em> [--devs-source <em>device2</em>]</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>把一个或多个源设备上的 BlueFS 数据移动到目标设备，
成功后源设备（除了主要的那个）将被删除。
目标设备可以是已加入集群的、或新设备。稍后，
它将被加进 OSD ，以替换某一个源设备。
遵循下面的替换规则（按优先级，匹配到即停止）：</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li><p>如果源列表中有 DB 卷——目标设备替换它；</p></li>
<li><p>如果源列表中有 WAL 卷——目标设备替换它；</p></li>
<li><p>如果源列表中只有慢速卷——操作不允许，
要显式地用 new-db 、 new-wal 命令分配。</p></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">show-label</strong> --dev <em>device</em> […]</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>出示设备标签。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">free-dump</strong> --path <em>osd path</em> [ --allocator block/bluefs-wal/bluefs-db/bluefs-slow ]</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>展示分配器中的所有空闲区域。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">free-score</strong> --path <em>osd path</em> [ --allocator block/bluefs-wal/bluefs-db/bluefs-slow ]</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>会收到一个 0-1 之间的数字，用于表示分配器中碎片的质量。
0 表示所有空闲空间都在一个块中的情形； 1 表示最糟糕的碎片散布情形。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">reshard</strong> --path <em>osd path</em> --sharding <em>new sharding</em> [ --resharding-ctrl <em>control string</em> ]</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>更改 BlueStore 内 RocksDB 的分片配置。
分片建立在 RocksDB 列族基础之上。
此选项方便你测试 <em>new sharding</em> 的性能，而无需重新部署 OSD 。
重分片一般都耗时绵长，需要遍历整个 RocksDB 键名空间、
并把其中某些挪到别的列族。
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--resharding-ctrl</span></code> 选项便于你对重分片过程进行性能控制。
中断重分片会妨碍 OSD 的正常运行；中断重分片不会损坏数据；而且随时可以继续之前的重分片，或者选用其它分片方案，
包括回退到最初的那个。</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong class="command">show-sharding</strong> --path <em>osd path</em></p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>罗列出当前正被应用到 BlueStore 的 RocksDB 的分片。</p>
</div></blockquote>
</section>
<section id="id4">
<h2>选项<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-dev">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--dev</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*device*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-dev" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>把设备 <em>device</em> 加进涉及到的设备列表中。</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-i">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-i</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*osd_id*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-i" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>以 OSD <em>osd_id</em> 的身份进行操作。
连接到监视器以实现 OSD 的特定选项。
如果监视器不可用，加上 --no-mon-config 选项直接从 ceph.conf 读取。</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-devs-source">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--devs-source</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*device*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-devs-source" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>把设备 <em>device</em> 加进迁移操作涉及到的源设备列表中。</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-dev-target">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--dev-target</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*device*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-dev-target" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>指定用于迁移操作或新增设备的目标设备 <em>device</em> ，以便新增
DB/WAL 。</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-path">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--path</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*osd</span> <span class="pre">path*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-path" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>指定一个 osd 路径。大多数情况下，设备列表都是从 <em>osd path</em>
里的符号链接推断出来的。通常比显式地用 --dev 指定几个设备要简单些。</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-out-dir">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--out-dir</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*dir*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-out-dir" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>bluefs-export 的输出目录。</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-l">
<span id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-log-file"></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-l</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">,</span> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--log-file</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*log</span> <span class="pre">file*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-l" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>记录日志的文件</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-log-level">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--log-level</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*num*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-log-level" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>调试日志级别。默认是 30 （极其详细）， 20 是非常详细，
10 是详细， 而 1 是不怎么详细。</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-deep">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--deep</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-deep" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>深度洗刷、修复（读取并校验对象数据，而不只是元数据）</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-allocator">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--allocator</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*name*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-allocator" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>适用于 <em>free-dump</em> 和 <em>free-score</em> 操作。选择分配器。</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="std option">
<dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-resharding-ctrl">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--resharding-ctrl</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre">*control</span> <span class="pre">string*</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-ceph-bluestore-tool-resharding-ctrl" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>提供了对重分片过程的控制手段，指示多久刷一次 RocksDB 递归器，以及提交给 RocksDB 的批次应该是多大。
选项格式为：
&lt;iterator_refresh_bytes&gt;/&lt;iterator_refresh_keys&gt;/&lt;batch_commit_bytes&gt;/&lt;batch_commit_keys&gt; 。
默认值： 10000000/10000/1000000/1000</p>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="ceph-conf">
<h2>ceph.conf 附加选项<a class="headerlink" href="#ceph-conf" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>OSD 接受的任何配置选项都可以传给 <strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> 。
当不能访问监视器、 ceph.conf ， <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-i</span></code> 选项也不能用时，
用此方法提供必要的配置选项很有用。</p>
</section>
<section id="id5">
<h2>设备标签<a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>每个 BlueStore 块设备都有一个单独的块标签，位于设备起始处。
你可以用此命令查看标签内容：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">bluestore</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">tool</span> <span class="n">show</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">label</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">dev</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="o">*</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>主设备会有很多元数据，包括以前在 OSD 数据目录下存储的小文件内的信息。
辅助设备（ db 和 wal ）只含有必需的最少字段
（ OSD UUID 、尺寸、设备类型、创建时间）。</p>
</section>
<section id="osd">
<h2>OSD 目录启动<a class="headerlink" href="#osd" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>你可以给一个 OSD 数据目录生成些数据，
借此才能用 <em>prime-osd-dir</em> 启动 BlueStore OSD ：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">bluestore</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">tool</span> <span class="n">prime</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nb">dir</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">dev</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">main</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">var</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">lib</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-*</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">*</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="bluefs">
<h2>拯救 BlueFS 日志<a class="headerlink" href="#bluefs" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>有些版本的 BlueStore ，它的 BlueFS 日志会增长得非常巨大 ——
以至于 OSD 都没法启动了。
如果启动用了很长时间却在 _replay 函数里失败了，那就是遇到了这种状态。</p>
<p>这情况可以这样修复：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">bluestore</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">tool</span> <span class="n">fsck</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">bluefs_replay_recovery</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">true</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>建议您首先检查一下拯救过程是否会成功：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">bluestore</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">tool</span> <span class="n">fsck</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">*</span> \
    <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">bluefs_replay_recovery</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">true</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">bluefs_replay_recovery_disable_compact</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">true</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>如果上面的 fsck 成功了，就可以施行修复过程。</p>
</section>
<section id="id6">
<h2>使用范围<a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p><strong>ceph-bluestore-tool</strong> 是 Ceph 的一部分，这是个伸缩力强、开源、分布式的存储系统，更多信息参见 <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.ceph.com">https://docs.ceph.com</a> 。</p>
</section>
<section id="id7">
<h2>参考<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../ceph-osd/"><span class="doc">ceph-osd</span></a>(8)</p>
</section>
</section>



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